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Aug 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-24-5155
Objective This report aimed to compare the total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) of adolescents measured by doubly labeled water (DLW) with the 2005 and 2023 dietary reference intake (DRI) equations proposed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in a sample of Brazilian adolescents. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional and observational study with a convenience sample of 15 obese and eutrophic adolescents, aged between 11 and 14 years, from public schools and the obesity outpatient clinic of the Clinics Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School – University of São Paulo (HC FMRP-USP) in Brazil. Were obtained stature and weight by conventional methods and used to calculate the body mass index (BMI) to determine the nutritional status. Fat-free mass (FFM) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Energy expenditure was determined by DLW and estimated by the 2005 and 2023 DRI equations. The level of physical activity was measured with the ActivPAL™ accelerometer to classify adolescents within the equations. Results: Forty-seven percent of the sample were eutrophic and 53% were obese. The adolescents were classified as somewhat active according to the average number of daily steps. The DLW-derived TDEE and the TDEE derived from the 2005 and the 2023 predictive equations are presented as means, standard deviations, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The 2005 and 2023 DRI equations produced significantly higher values than the DLW-determined TDEE (56.2% and 57.2%, respectively). Conclusion: Additional studies with Brazilian adolescents should be conducted to propose more accurate and specific predictive TDEE equations.
Sep 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-5526.jmid-20-3505
Testing people for COVID-19 in a country like India with a huge population is a near impossible task therefore the government is using body temperature as a testing parameter to cover the whole population. Infrared thermometers are used to find the temperature because it is a cheaper and faster way. This testing rate can be done even faster, without the need of manpower and with far more accuracy using smart watches and bands. These wrist-wearables are mostly used for fitness purposes which have more measuring equipment that is used for preliminary testing done for COVID. This equipment’s are in the form of electric sensors which are small enough to be used in wearables. So we can get even more insight and accuracy compared to the standard method. In this study an application is created to use an array of sensors (Pulse sensor, Pulse oximeter, Accelerometer and temperature sensor) are being used in these wearables to find the chance, that a person is affected due to COVID-19 and the information can be seen real time in mobile phone through the application. All the information can be sent to the health organization’s if required.
Sep 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-19-2968
Physical activity (PA) decreases in late adolescence and young adulthood when this age cohort enters the workforce with many being employed in the foodservice industry. Daily energy expenditure can be divided between occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Although LTPA is known to be associated with positive health benefits, a limited number of studies have investigated the influence of OPA on LTPA in young restaurant servers. This study measured via accelerometry, OPA and LTPA for a 7-day period from a sample of young adult servers (n = 7, 23-29 years old) from two restaurants. Resting metabolic rate was measured via indirect calorimetry and inputted into the AMP 331 accelerometer for energy expenditure calculations. Energy expenditure patterns were compared to age- and sex-specific normative data, occupational classifications, and the Canadian PA Guidelines to Healthy Active Living (CPAG). Energy expenditure results and step count values were higher for working versus non-working days and working versus non-working periods. Daily, working energy expenditure was approximately equal to normative data, while non-working daily energy expenditure was lower. The working period energy expenditure placed this population in the ‘exceptionally active’ OPA classification. Minimum PA levels, based on CPAG were met each day, however 10,000-steps-per-day were only achieved on working days. None of the participants logged LTPA and therefore 100% of their PA came from OPA. More research is needed over a longer duration and at different times in the year to identify the effect OPA has on LTPA in this population.
Dec 2015 DOI 10.14302/issn.2372-6601.jhor-15-776
Background: Patients with Thal (Thalassemia) are presumed to be inactive for many of the same reasons as healthy adults, though there are limited published data to support this claim. The primary aim of this study was to compare physical activity patterns in subjects with Thal to healthy controls as well as to explore the effects of transfusion therapy on physical activity in transfusion dependent patients with Thal. Methods: 37 Thal (23 Thal major, 14 Thal intermedia, 21 Female, 27.3±10.1 years) and 30 healthy controls (17 Female, 28.0 ± 13.7 years) wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for one to two weeks. Results: Thal subjects recorded a significantly fewer total number of steps per day and lower total energy expenditure compared to healthy controls (p=0.001). None of the adult Thal subjects met the recommended 10,000 steps/day as opposed to 27% of healthy adult controls (p=0.004). Thal spent significantly less time in moderate (p=0.03) to vigorous (p=0.005) activities and more time in sedentary activity (p=0.006). Conclusion: It is now clear that Thal spend significantly less time in physically demanding activities than age-matched healthy controls, a result that has long been assumed though not previously documented. Further research is needed to define an appropriate physical activity regimen best suited for patients with Thal while examining its effect on mental and physical health.