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Oct 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2576-6694.jbbs-17-1742
Introduction: Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is an anticancer drug .Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) essential oil is a traditional medicine used against many diseases. Aim. The present work studied the effect of fennel oil against testicular damage and oxidative stress induced by the anticancer drug, cyclophosphamide (CPA) in albino rats. Methods. Animals were divided into 4 groups: group1, control, group2, orally given fennel oil, group3 treated with CPA and group4 treated with CPA and fennel oil. The testes were removed for histological and immune histochemical preparation. Blood was collected and sera were prepared for hormonal and biochemical analysis. Results. The results revealed that CPA caused histological alterations in the testis including decrease in diameter and germinal epithelial height of the seminiferous tubules, degeneration of germ cells, cytoplasmic vacuolation and congestion of blood vessels. Cell proliferation marker was decreased and apoptotic marker caspase-3 was decreased. Biochemical results revealed decrease in the hormones LH and testosterone. Moreover, the serum activity of the antioxidant enzymes, SOD, CAT was decreased and the lipid peroxidation marker, DMA was increased. Treating rats with CPA and fennel oil caused an improvement in the histological structure of the testis. There was an increase in LH ,testosterone,SOD and CAT, while MDA level decreased. Conclusion. It is concluded that administration of fennel oil exhibited protective effects against CPA-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. The protective effect of fennel oil might be due to induction of antioxidant defense systems by one or more of its constituents.
Jun 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-2140.jaa-21-3911
Testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury is an urgent situation which needs a timely and precise diagnosis for prevention of testis damages. Here in we investigated ozone/oxygen therapy in Testicular Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. For this purpose, animals (rats) were divided to four groups; control, torsion/detortion, torsion/detortion + ozone/oxygen (30 µg/ml) and only ozone/oxygen. Four hours after detorsion, in all groups orchiectomy was done -- for measuring the oxidative stress and mitochondrial toxicity parameters. Also, we preformed analysis of testicular spermatogenesis after 90 days. Our data showed that testicular torsion-detorsion induced significant increase in mitochondrial toxicity and decrease of spermatogenesis, malondialdehyde and GSSG levels were shown. Also, spermatogenesis, a remarkable decrease in malondialdehyde GSSG levels and mitochondrial toxicities were observed when compared with torsion-detorsion group. Obtained results for this research showed that ozone/oxygen therapy enhance antioxidant properties in the spermatogenic cells and protects testes from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2576-2818.jfb-20-3559
Background Male Infertility accounts for 30-40% of all cases of infertility and its evaluation requires a good history, thorough physical examination, and several investigations to include testicular biopsy which might be used to further categorize infertile males for proper management and prognostication. This study aims to determine the predominant histopathological patterns of testicular biopsies in infertile males and to compare the findings with previous studies. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study of 225 selected cases of testicular biopsies reviewed for the evaluation of male infertility in the Pathology department, of a tertiary hospital, Southwest, Nigeria, between 1987 and 2012. Relevant clinical and histopathological information was extracted from the departmental records. All histologic cases were reviewed, and a classification based on histological patterns of spermatogenesis was utilized to group the cases into normal findings, hypo spermatogenesis, maturation arrest, Sertoli cell-only syndrome, peritubular hyalinization/ tubular fibrosis and mixed patterns. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at a 5% level of significance. Results Among the 225 cases reviewed with a mean age of 37.7 years (SD - 8.61), 82.7% had primary infertility of which 92.9% were azoospermic, while 7.1% had oligospermia. The histological patterns included 34.2% of Hypospermatogenesis, 32% of Peritubular hyalinization/ tubular fibrosis, 14.2% had maturation arrest and Sertoli cell-only syndrome was found in 6.7% of cases, only 0.9% had normal histologic pattern while the mixed histologic pattern was seen in 12% of cases. Conclusion The commonest morphological pattern was Hypospermatogenesis, which is similar to some of the previous local and international studies. A high percentage of peritubular fibrosis was noted with few tubules containing scanty late spermatids or spermatozoa when proper sampling and evaluation were made. Multiple patterns within a biopsy were seen with careful review, especially in non-obstructive azoospermic cases. This is significant in male infertility patient management in our environment because it suggests greater chances of successful sperm extraction for Assisted Reproduction Technique in such patients.
Mar 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2575-1212.jvhc-18-2012
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor with a weak estrogenic effect used in industry as a component of food cans. We aimed to study the toxic effects of BPA on mRNA expression of steroidogenic genes and testicular structure in mature male rats. Animals were divided into 3 groups: vehicle control rats as first group, while second group received 10 µg/kg BW and third group received BPA 15 µg/kg BW orally every alternate day for a period of 105 successive days. Serum testosterone level, mRNA expression of genes related to steroid synthesis, histopathological examination, spermatogenesis index and number of Leydig cells were evaluated in this study. Lower serum hormone levels were observed in both BPA-treated groups as compared to the control group. The gene expression patterns of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 17a(CYP17a) and 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) were significantly down-regulated in BPA-treated rats compared to control group. Meanwhile, the expression of aromatase (CYP19) and lutinizing hormone receptor (LHR) was significantly up-regulated. Histopathological lesions were observed in the testes and epididymis of BPA-treated rats. Spermatogenesis index and the number of Leydig cells were significantly decreased in BPA-treated groups compared with the control group. This study highlights negative effect of BPA on steroidogenic genes and testicular structure in male rats.