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Aug 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.3070-1937.ijbt-25-5540
The rising need for structured and efficient blood transfusion services in low-resource settings has driven the adoption of collaborative blood transfusion management systems (CBTMS). This study explores the functionality and impact of the Cornerstone University Blood Management System version 1.0 (CUBMS vs 1.0) in Cameroon. This study was an exploratory research design which used a system interface analysis, comparative case reviews from four countries, and literature synthesis, to reveal that CUBMS improves accessibility, data management, inventory control, emergency responsiveness, and community engagement. Despite infrastructural challenges in rural regions, the system can enhance efficiency, transparency, and safety in blood services. The success of CBTMS in Cameroon is linked to digital infrastructure, training, and culturally relevant community engagement. The Ministry of Public Health of Cameroon should prioritize the nationwide implementation of CBTMS, ensuring consistency in digital health tools.
Jul 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.3070-1937.ijbt-25-5616
Objectives Blood transfusions in cardiac surgery are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to identify potential benefits of ANH in high-risk cardiac surgery. Design This was a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Setting The study was performed at a tertiary care university hospital. Participants 61 patients who underwent complex cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were enrolled in the study. Measurements and Main Results After randomization, 32 patients were assigned to the ANH arm, and 29 patients were assigned to the control group. ANH was associated with a lower incidence of total perioperative pRBC transfusion (0.6 ± 1.2 units vs 2.7 ± 6.8 units; p = 0.030/0.049). Total perioperative transfusion of all other fractionated blood products, including platelets (0.8 ± units vs 1.9 ± 2.4 units; p=0.010), cryoprecipitate (0.5 ± 0.7 vs 1.3 ± 2.0; p=0.016) and FFP (0.5 ± 1.0 vs 2.3 ± 6.2 units; p=0.013), was significantly lower in the ANH group compared to controls. Participants in the ANH group received significantly fewer intraoperative transfusions of pRBC (0.4 ± 1.2 vs 2.6± 7.0 units; p=0.037), platelets (0.8 ± 1.2 units vs 1.9 ± 2.4 units; p=0.013, logtrans), FFP (0.4 ± 0.9 vs 2.5 ± 6.4 units; p=0.003) and cryoprecipitate (0.5 ± 0.7 vs 1.3 ± 2.1 units; p=0.012, logtrans). With respect to secondary clinical outcomes, ANH participants had statistically shorter ICU (3.7 ± 1.9 vs 5.4 ± 3.6 days; p=0.020) and hospital (6.7 ± 2.1 vs 9.5 ± 7.7 days; p = 0.048) length of stays Conclusions ANH in complex cardiac surgical patients is safe and may be effective in reducing the allogenic blood product transfusion of PRBCs, FFP, platelets and cryoprecipitate in the perioperative period.
Oct 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.3070-1937.ijbt-18-2410
Introduction: Blood is a valuable resource and blood transfusion is life saving in many situations. However blood transfusions carry the risk of transfusion transmitted infections, allergic reactions, hemolytic reactions and introduction of foreign antigens. So monitoring of blood transfusion practice is necessary for the rationale use of blood components. The aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of blood ordering practice for Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC) as per National Blood Transfusion Guidelines. Materials & Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Tamilnadu. A total of 4236 blood request forms were analyzed over a period of 12 months. Number of units requested were noted and the appropriateness of the requested transfusion was assessed according to the National guidelines on transfusion 3. Request forms of neonates and children up to 18 years of age (in whom Transfusion guidelines are different) were excluded from the study. Cross match to Transfusion ratio (CT ratio) was also calculated. Results: A total of 4236 blood request forms were analyzed out of which 76.6 % (n=3246) were for PRBC, and hemoglobin values were mentioned in 68.8% (n=2235) and not mentioned in 31.2% (n=1011) of request forms. Anemia, surgery and bleeding were the most common indications for which transfusions were requested. There were 3246 PRBC requests out of which 53.5% (n=1736) requests were considered appropriate, 38.6% (n=1254) were considered inappropriate and 7.9% (n=256) requests could not be assessed due to inadequate details on Hemoglobin and clinical relevance. CT ratio was 1.5. Conclusion: In this study, it was noted that significant percentage (38.6%) of inappropriate PRBC transfusions were given and 7.9% forms could not be assessed due to inadequate investigation details. Regular audits and CMEs should be conducted in this hospital to rationalize the use of blood components.
Aug 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn-2470-0436.jos-18-2222
Objective: The aim of the present study is to determine the efficiency of third year ophthalmology residents from a tertiary hospital in performing preliminary retinal examination to identify eyes at risk retinopathy of prematurity on the basis of retinal fundus findings up to International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ICROP) Zone II. Methods: This is a single-center, cross-sectional, prospective comparative research conducted from June to October 2015 at a tertiary training hospital in the Philippines. All infants referred for retinopathy of prematurity screening within the study period where included. The presence of retinal vessel dilatation and tortuosity were identified by third year ophthalmology residents using indirect funduscopy. The residents’ fundus findings were then compared to that of a retina consultant who is proficient in the diagnosis and management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The Kappa index was used to rate inter-observer agreement. The correlation between ROP risk factors and the presence of abnormal retinal vessels were assessed using odd ratio computations. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the correlation between retinopathy of prematurity and the presence of retinal dilatation and tortuosity. The McNemar’s test was also applied to determine significant differences in the retinal findings of the consultant and ophthalmology residents. Results: A total of 82 eyes of 41 premature infants were evaluated to determine if retinal findings observed by ophthalmology residents were comparable to that of a retina consultant. Odds ratios show that age of gestation, birth weight, and history of blood transfusion are significantly associated with the presence of retinopathy of prematurity. Retinal vessel tortuosity and dilatation are also more common among infants diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity. There was no significant difference between the retinal vascular findings of the retina consultant and the third year ophthalmology resident in terms of identifying retinal vessel dilatation and tortuosity (P < 0.05). Conclusion: After sufficient and in-depth ophthalmology training, third year ophthalmologists, who will be general ophthalmologists in the future, can reliably identify eyes at risk for severe retinopathy of prematurity on the basis of retinal vascular dilatation and/or tortuosity.
Feb 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2372-6601.jhor-16-1402
Background Blood donation is a common practice in many countries of the world and it benefits many of the people suffering from conditions which require blood transfusions. The blood donated should be appropriately screened for certain infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis B, Syphilis and Gonorrhea through serological tests. Materials and Methods This cross sectional study was conducted from January 2014 to August 2014, Data was collected from eight dental hospitals in four provinces of Pakistan. Attendants of the patients admitted in the surgical ward with age more than 16 years were included. Knowledge and practices of the participants were evaluated through a self-administered questionnaire. Ethical consent was obtained from the ethical committee or concerned authority of all eight hospitals. Results Response rate was 84 %. In total 55% male and 45 % female participated with 15.5% of the total sample population was under the age of 20 years. The age group with the maximum number of participant was between 20 to 39 years of age. 26% and 22.5% of the males and female participants respectively had knowledge. About blood donation, lesser percentage of attendants, 7.2% of the males and 4.6% declared that they had donated blood in the past. Based on education levels, it was highest among graduates (3.5%) and less in primary educated (2.2%) and uneducated respondents was 0.7%. 18% of the males and 17% females asserted that they hold some kind of fear of blood donation. Conclusion The population is not adequately knowledgeable regarding blood donation. There is a need for proper campaign to educate masses at national level within Pakistan to promote more people to become regular volunteers.
Jan 2015 DOI 10.14302/issn.2372-6601.jhor-14-381
Haemorrhage is common to both dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). Thrombocytopaenia is exceedingly common, while prolonged partial thromboplastin time and reduced fibrinogen concentration are the other abnormal haemostatic indices evident from early in the disease course. These haematological abnormalities correlate better with the timing and severity of plasma leakage rather than the clinical haemorrhagic manifestations. Blood products including prophylactic platelet transfusions are hardly required in the management of DHF. Judicious fluid therapy is the most effective intervention to prevent complications and bleeding in DHF. Concealed haemorrhage is an important complication requiring early recognition and blood transfusions to improve outcomes. Understanding the pathogenesis of coagulopathy and the significance of altered haemostatic indices, and its co-relation to disease severity and phase of DHF, is essential for appropriate interventions particularly when DHF co-exists in patients on mandatory anticoagulation for prosthetic heart valves and atrial fibrillation.