Abstract
The purpose of this work is to emphasize the possible benefits of a microRNA-based diet in reducing the negative effects of a number of diseases, such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, chronic respiratory conditions, and others.
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Copyright© 2024
Isea Raul.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Introduction
Smoking, alcohol consumption, sugar-rich foods, and sedentary behavior have all contributed to an increase in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as type 2 diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory conditions. These illnesses are a major public health concern, killing 41 million people each year, with 74% being fatal In addition, we know that nutrition plays an important role in regulating an optimal immune response by providing adequate nutrients to immune cells. The micronutrients (refers to vitamins and minerals For this reason, the use of nutritional products, i.e. products based on natural ingredients and characterized by a high content of nutrients, including isoflavones, vitamins and antioxidants, has increased In parallel, the scientific literature began to emphasize the possibility of ingesting small non-coding RNA molecules (microRNA) in food, which are resistant to digestion, enter the bloodstream, and regulate gene expression Remember that microRNAs (miRNA) are small, non-coding endogenous RNA sequences of 18 to 25 nucleotides that play an important role in regulating post-transcriptional gene expression. They can be secreted from cells and transported to extracellular fluids via a variety of carriers, including lipoprotein complexes, ribonucleoproteins, and extracellular vesicles. Persistent diseases, such as type 2 diabetes Two reviews on the use of microRNAs in nutrition and diets are available in the scientific literature Furthermore, aerobic exercise training has been linked to alterations in miRNA expression profiles, with some microRNAs (e.g., miR-1, miR-20a, and miR-21) downregulated and miR-126, miR-214, and miR-29c upregulated, lowering pathogen target expression. These statistics suggest, for example, that bariatric surgery can be used to monitor the intervention's outcomes. In this sense, Moreover, On the other hand, Allow me to offer you two brief examples: Breast milk is the most notable example. Many macronutrients are found in breast milk, including lactose, oligosaccharides, lipids, proteins, and nonprotein nitrogen. Non-protein nitrogen accounts for 25% of the total nitrogen in milk. Breast milk is one of the richest biological fluids in terms of miRNA content, with approximately 1400 different miRNAs identified. This indicates that microRNA is just one new bioactive component in breast milk. Moreover, the composition and expression of miRNAs in human milk can change for a variety of reasons, such as stress, immune dysfunction, and mastitis, all of which have an effect on miRNA expression patterns The second scenario shows the significance of microRNAs in the epigenetic control of neuropathological signaling pathways, including disruption of the blood-brain barrier, ischemia-reperfusion damage, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and so on Finally, microRNAs can act as epigenetic modulators by controlling key enzymes involved in epigenetic reactions All of this opens the door to the development of foods based on microRNAs that can prevent and control certain diseases due to their ability to modify, alter, or suppress gene expression and regulation. However, more experiments are required to determine whether a food based on microRNA can truly regulate genetic expression and help us combat these diseases